ʻO ke kumu o ka moʻomeheu Kina - porcelain

Maikaʻi, ʻāʻī a translucent. I nā makahiki he nui aku nei, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hulahula ma waena o ka pālolo a me ke ahi i kahi ʻāpana kiʻi maoli: porcelain.

Ua ʻaʻā ʻia ke ahi i loko o nā kiln a puni ʻo Kina mai ka Xia a me Shang dynasties (c. 21st century-11th century BC). Ma ke ala, hānau ʻia ka porcelain.

ʻO ka porcelain he seramika i hana ʻia e ka hoʻomehana ʻana i nā mea maka. ʻO ka mahana ke kī i ka hana ʻana i ka porcelain. ʻO ka hele ʻana i ke ahi o ka hana hou ʻana i kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe e hāʻawi i ka porcelain me ka ikaika ʻoi aku, ʻoi aku ka translucence a me kahi ʻahaʻaina kala.

Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ceramics ma Chaozhou ma mua o 6000 mau makahiki i hala i ka wā Neolithic. Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻehā mau wahi kiln ma Chaozhou i ka mōʻī Tang, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā relics i ʻeli ʻia he celadon uliuli i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ke kino porcelain he ʻeleʻele, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka embryo, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka wela, a ʻo ke ʻano o ke ʻano he ʻeleʻele.

ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu glaze ka nui o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo,'ōmaʻomaʻo melemele'ōmaʻomaʻo, sauce brown glazeʻekoluʻano,ʻo keʻano o ka mea kūʻai: ke kīʻaha, ke kīʻaha, ka ipuhao, ke kīʻaha, ka ipu hao, ke kīʻaha, ka uluna a pēlā aku.

Ua lawe pū ʻia ʻo Porcelain no nā hoʻololi moʻomeheu Me ka siliki a me ke kī o Kina, ʻo ka porcelain kekahi o nā mea kūʻai mua i loaʻa i ke kālepa honua.

I kona huakaʻi ʻana a puni ka honua ma o ke Alanui Silk Maritime kahiko, ua hauʻoli nui ka porcelain i waena o nā ʻohana aliʻi a me nā papa kiʻekiʻe ma ʻEulopa, ka poʻe i makemake nui ʻia e kēia mau moku nani a lākou i kapa ai ma hope o Kina, kahi huahana hiki ke hana wale ʻia ma ka Hikina mamao.

Ua hoʻomaka ʻia ʻo Porcelain ma ke ʻano he mea hana a hoʻololi ʻia a lilo i ʻāpana kiʻi. ʻOiai i ka wā i haki ʻia a kanu ʻia i loko o ka lepo, ʻaʻole e pau nā waiwai moʻomeheu i pili i ka porcelain ma ke ʻano he hoʻomanaʻo e hiki ke ʻike ʻia me nā lima ʻelua, ʻo ka porcelain ka moʻolelo hiki ke hoʻopā ʻia.